Adherence to a medication regimen is fundamental to good health outcomes for people of all ages. However, evidence suggests there is an increase in the number of people failing to comply with their course of medicines and therefore putting themselves at risk at worst, or possibly reducing the effectiveness of the medications they are taking. Antibiotics are the best examples of failure to comply with medicines. Skip of one or more doses during the therapy results in ineffective therapy.
Statistics show that between 30 and 50 per cent of people do not take their medication doses exactly as prescribed by their healthcare professional or fail to finish their medicine course. Australian figures are consistent with these findings, estimating that 40 per cent of Australians have stopped taking prescribed medicine before they were meant to, on at least one occasion.
Given that community pharmacies dispense some 300 million prescriptions annually this amounts to a major non-adherence of a medical issue.
Medicine adherence for many patients with chronic disease is also extremely poor– at present on average at only about 50 per cent. This ends in disease-related complications, higher levels of hospitalisation, and increased morbidity and mortality.
Community pharmacists play a significant role in helping patients comply with their medication regimen to ensure they get the maximum possible advantage from the medicines they are using.
Community pharmacists and pharmacy staff can contribute to better medicine management by:
Assisting to identify, resolve, prevent and monitor medicine use and safety problems
Reducing polypharmacy and optimising medicine regimes
Designing adherence and health literacy programs customised to the needs of individual patients
Developing consumer medicine action plans which have self-management goals
Communicating medicine care plans to consumers, carers and other healthcare professionals in the team.
In addition to maximising the positive impacts of taking medicine properly, it is necessary to maintain medicine adherence as this can also have a major impact on reducing the number of people admitted to hospital.
Research shows some 12 per cent of all medical admissions to hospital and 20-30 per cent of all admissions in the population aged 65 years and over are estimated to be medication-related.
Optimising the management of long-term conditions through medication adherence has been shown to decrease and delay the incidence of hospitalisation in patients with chronic diseases. It also has been observed that there is a reduce the need for, and spending on, expensive hospital admissions and medical services.
Some medicine non-adherence behaviours to be alert for include:
Failure to fill a prescription in the first place
Failure to refill a prescription
Omitting a dose or doses
Taking an incorrect dosage
Prematurely discontinuing medication
Taking a dose at the wrong time or against correct instructions such as “take on a full stomach”
Taking a medication prescribed for someone else
Improperly using medication administration devices (such as inhalers)
So it is important to speak to your community pharmacist and devise a plan that is proper for you and which helps you achieve your health goals.
Medicine adherence plans developed by your community pharmacist may also include lifestyle plans such as weight management, smoking cessation and so on to help increase your overall wellbeing.
Your community pharmacist is your medicines expert, speak to them for a plan that works for you.
